P.S. I Love You by Cecelia Ahern

P.S. I Love You by Cecelia Ahern

In her 1969 book, On Death and Dying, Elizabeth Kubler-Ross described the “Five Stages of Grief” that individuals experience when facing a loss in their lives, whether the loss is the loss of a loved one or a personal loss, such as the loss of a job. In her first book, Cecelia Ahern wrote about a young woman, Holly Kennedy, who lost her husband, Gerry, to cancer. Holly experienced all of the Kubler-Ross stages of grief, although the book ends before she reaches the final stage, acceptance. Her journey is agonizing, as it is in real life.

The premise of this book is very interesting, for Holly’s loving husband knew that he was going to die, and he loved Holly enough to help her through the grieving process after his death. He left a series of envelopes for her, one to be opened each month, each requesting Holly to take some specific action that would help her deal with her loss. Holly also finds, as we all do, that our family and friends help us deal with our grieving. Holly also found new friends to help her, as occurs in life.

This book is sad. It is not a happy book. But it is a helpful book in that it shows us what the grieving process is like, and it gives us hope that somehow we will make it through to the end point of acceptance of our loss. Of course, we never come to accept fully a deep loss. The grief remains with us forever.

P.S. I Love You

World Without End by Ken Follett

World Without End by Ken Follett

The second of Ken Follett's epic historical novels, World Without End is set in England in the 14th century period of 1327 to 1361. This book is set in the same fictional town as Follett's previous book, Pillars of the Earth -- Kingsbridge -- with the same backdrop of the Kingsbridge priory, two hundred years later. The book begins with the death of Edward II in 1327, passes through the beginning of the Hundred Years War in 1337, and describes the devastation of the initial stages of the Black Plague.

This book follows the same format as Pillars of the Earth -- a young man and a young woman are the central characters, both of whom are more intelligent than anyone else. These two characters lead the advances that occur in the historical period. The story includes villains who generally make life miserable for everyone else, and who depict the way in which the monarchy controlled and enslaved the population during that period. The story also includes the role of the church in controlling and enslaving the population. In describing the Black Plague, the story particularly describes the first steps in advancing medical science, and the terrible resistance of the church in accepting new ideas. As I have no knowledge of that historical period, I have to assume some level of accuracy in the historical descriptions in the book. I was struck by the minuscule advances in civilization in the two hundred years between the two books.

Like Pillars of the Earth, this book is a long soap opera, following the daily lives of the characters. The characters were well developed, and their stories were interesting. I was not put off by the length of the book; indeed, I found that I enjoyed coming back to it again and again, as someone watching a soap opera. I did not expect great literature, but I did enjoy the characters, the story, and the lessons in the history of that period. I also liked the way that Follett tied everything up at the end, leaving the reader feeling good. The only negative I felt as I read the book was Follett's descriptions of sex -- for some reason he used gross male terminology. I found this terminology out of place with the rest of the story, and felt that he could have used much better terminology while describing the same actions.

Argonautika, Shakespeare Theatre

Argonautika
Shakespeare Theatre

Deep, agonizing, uncontrollable emotional pain can be understood fully only by those who have experienced it. We can relate to those who experience such pain only if we, too, have known it, only if our own souls have felt the depths of such agony and despair.

Medea felt such pain. She felt its horror sweep over her and sear her soul, a horror that could not be eased, no matter how much she desired. She felt the uncontrollable, unquenchable emotional need to respond to her pain by hurting the one who caused it. She needed to convey to him, to Jason, the depth of her agony. And so she murdered the one for whom he left her, and the two sons that she had with him, the children she loved as life itself. She desperately wanted him to know, to feel, how deeply he had hurt her, how overwhelmed she was with grief.

To convey this story, this powerful feeling, Mary Zimmerman combined the story of Argonautica, written in the third century BC, with the play, Medea, written by Euripides in 431 BC. Only by first informing the audience of the story of Jason could she adequately convey to the audience the overwhelming depth of the pain of Medea. Only by relating the story of how Jason had relied on Medea to save him from certain death, of how she had even killed her own brother to save Jason's life, of how Jason had promised his undying love for her, could we fully understand her feelings of grief when he left her, casting her aside for another. Without the one story, the other would be insufficient, shallow, not understood. But in the combining of these stories, the deep agony of Medea was conveyed with full meaning, full force, full understanding.

This story is powerful, and it is easy to understand how it could have survived more than two thousand years, and yet be as meaningful today as then. The combining of these two powerful stories leaves one with feelings that go deep and stay fully realized in one's emotions long after the play is over. This play was great.

The Pillars of the Earth, Ken Follett

The Pillars of the Earth by Ken Follett

This epic historical novel was set in 12th century England, between 1120 and 1170, during the period known as The Anarchy. To someone like me, who has little knowledge of that period, the book provided an introduction to the period, and in particular, to the way in which the king and the church severely oppressed the people, keeping them indentured and in poverty. The book also provided an interesting introduction into the change that occurred during that period in the architecture of churches from Romanesque architecture to Gothic architecture with its pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses. I found both of these introductions to be very interesting -- enough so to warrant further research as I continued my reading.

This book is a novel, and in the end, it is about the characters in the novel and their stories. All novels demand of their authors a well-written, interesting story, with well-developed characters. As I have mentioned before, I have not found Ken Follett to be a great writer, nor have I found his stories to be very interesting. However, I very much enjoyed this story, and I found the characters to be extremely well developed. I find his writing to be adequate at best, and at times less than adequate, but this story was compelling, and these characters were compelling. I found the endless conflict to be too much at times, but in the end, I appreciated his happy ending, which left me feeling good about the book. I liked this book, and I recommend it.

Atonement, the Movie

Atonement

The premise of this movie (book) is interesting -- a young girl makes a mistake that ruins the lives of her sister and her sister's boyfriend. Once the mistake was made, it could not be undone. She had to live all her life knowing of the tragic effects of her mistake. We all make mistakes, and we have to live with them -- "to err is human". It is almost as if we are foreordained to make mistakes that cause us pain for all of our lives. It seems to me that the biggest problem is having to live with the knowledge of causing pain for others, and that was her mistake. In the end, desperately seeking atonement, she wrote a book about her life experience, but with a fictional happy ending. The movie was sad; it was not a happy experience at all, and I am not sure that I would recommend it.

When I went to see this movie, I had not read the book, nor had I read any reviews of the movie. I knew only that it was a love story set during World War II, and that it was getting great reviews. After a few minutes of the movie, I found that I was getting restless. It was dragging. As it continued, the pace continued to be slow, and I found that I was becoming bored with the movie and impatient. Throughout the movie, I was troubled by the slow pace and drifting nature of the movie. Later, I read this New York Times review of the movie, and I agreed with it in general.

Atonement

My Fair Lady, Kennedy Center

My Fair Lady, Kennedy Center

Written by Lerner and Loewe, and first produced on Broadway in 1956, My Fair Lady is one of the greatest musicals of all time, and my favorite musical of all time. Direct from its 50th Anniversary London engagement, this production from the National Theatre of Great Britain was so outstanding that one could not imagine the original production being better.

British theater actors Christopher Cazenove as Professor Henry Higgins and Lisa O'Hare as Eliza Doolittle, surely were as wonderful as Rex Harrison and Julie Andrews. The other principal actors were also outstanding: Walter Charles as Colonel Hugh Pickering, Alma Cuervo as Mrs. Pearce, Tim Jerome as Alfred P. Doolittle, Sally Ann Howes as Mrs. Higgins, and Justin Bohon as Freddy Eynsford-Hill. I have seen the movie numerous times, and I felt that this cast was as good as the movie cast.

I have seen more than 100 Broadway shows, including many musicals, and this show was the best show I have ever seen. It was absolutely incredible.

As a footnote, it is interesting that George Bernard Shaw wrote this play, Pygmalian, in 1913, and he wrote the part of Elisa for Mrs. Patrick Campbell, with whom he had a romantic correspondence for more than 40 years.

Exhibitions of J.M.W. Turner and Edward Hopper

Exhibitions of J.M.W. Turner and Edward Hopper at the National Gallery of Art

As a non-artist, and one who has little understanding or appreciation of fine art, I can only have impressions of the works of these two artists, and the strongest impression I have is of the incredible contrast between the two. It seems that the National Gallery of Art intentionally exhibited these two great landscape artists at the same time to demonstrate their completely contrasting styles. Although both painted landscapes, their styles were vastly different.

As shown in The Fighting Temeraire above, Turner’s paintings are impressionistic, and some have called him the first impressionist painter. His paintings depict vast, epic scenes flooded with powerful emotions, emphasized by dazzling accents of light. His paintings are filled with motion and drama, often depicting violent, devastating forces of man and nature. In contrast with his more dramatic paintings is his tranquil Venice, from the Porch of Madonna della Salute, depicting the peace and serenity of gondolas on the Grand Canal.

Hopper painted Americana, as shown in Nighthawks, shown above. He painted buildings – houses, lighthouses, windows, roofs. Hopper’s paintings are completely sterile, completely devoid of motion, completely emotionless, completely lacking joy and vitality and life. The people in his paintings are motionless, gazing unfocused into the distance in deep thought. His buildings have no warmth, no plants, nothing associated with life. Sterile, lifeless paintings.

How fascinating to view these two art exhibits together.

Edward II by Christopher Marlowe

Edward II by Christopher Marlowe
Shakespeare Theatre Company

As Tamburlaine was Marlowe's first play, Edward II was his final play -- the bookends of his professional career and his life. Written in response to a challenge by Shakespeare, Edward II is a play about a man who threw away his position as king and his life because of a self-destructive character flaw. Edward was so bent on uncontrolled debauchery that he squandered his country's riches and placed it in danger of collapse. As a result, he was overthrown and then killed.

I have three thoughts about the play: First, Edward's debauchery was of a homosexual nature (and very well portrayed in the play). If it had been of a "straight sexual" nature, it might have been tolerated somewhat longer, although the end result would probably have been the same. Edward's debauchery was not the result of his homosexuality, but the result of a deep character flaw of being completely unable to recognize and accept any responsiblity in life, of being desperately bent on his own self destruction.

Second, audiences at the time of this play (1592) seem to have been attracted to wildly overwrought melodrama, and this play was filled with such theatrics. I found the unceasing and greatly excessive whining and writhing by Edward II and others in the play to be nauseating. I realize that a new art form was created by Marlowe, and for that reason, I wanted to see the play; however, I found the play itself revolting.

Third, I thought the play was well cast. Although I did not enjoy the role of Edward II, Wallace Acton played the role extremely well. However, the performer in the play who most attracted my attention, and the one I will remember most, was Deanne Lorette, who played Isabella, the wife of Edward II. She was incredibly sexy and conniving, and I found that I simply could not take my eyes off of her whenever she was on stage. I will certainly look for her in the future.

An Italian Affair, Laura Fraser

An Italian Affair by Laura Fraser

When we are young, our mothers teach us that when we are sad or depressed about something, we should, "Don't think about it; think about something else." And now we read that psychologists have a name for "thinking about something else" to cure depression; it is called "brainswitching". As lovers have known from the beginning of time, when you get dumped by your spouse or your love, the best treatment for your depression is to have an affair with someone else, preferably someone foreign or exotic.

When Laura Fraser's husband left her, she went to Italy, where she began an affair with a married Frenchman. This book chronicles that affair and the healing effects it had on her.

Whether consciously or subconsciously, Laura chose to have an affair that had no hope of leading to a more serious relationship. She knew from the beginning that her affair was just that, an affair, and she had the good sense never to let it progress beyond that. She protected herself from further emotional hurt by not letting herself fall in love with someone who was unavailable to her. As she explained about her affair, "You don't have to deal with all the little disappointments that relationships inevitably bring, and you never take each other for granted. Your expectations are never dashed because there is no possibility that the relationship can ever be more than it is, a sometime affair thousands of miles away."

One of the things Laura learned about foreign men during her affair was that they enjoy letting a relationship unfold over time, rather than expecting too much in the beginning. As her lover explained, "European men like to discover what's beautiful about a woman. Every woman is a mystery, and you have to find what makes her most beautiful and gives her the most pleasure." That is a perfect description of the way I think about women and about people in general. Almost everyone is interesting; it is up to me to find out what is interesting about them. And every woman can be filled with joy if only I can find what gives her joy. (I am acutely aware that if a woman has a psychological problem, I cannot heal that problem. To have joy with a woman, I must find someone who does not attempt to inflict her psychological problems on me.)

Part of the healing effects of an affair is that it is a fantasy. It is not real and cannot become real. Yet when her lover visited her in San Francisco, her fantasy world met her reality, with inevitable problems. Some of her "real world" friends disapproved of her relationship, telling her that it was "unhealthy" or "inappropriate". But she knew the healing effects of the relationship and the joy that it brought her.

And when the affair had completed its healing and she no longer needed it, it ended quietly and peacefully. In the end, her quote from Giovanni Boccaccio (The Decameron) summed up her feelings:

"And it pleased Him that this love of mine, whose warmth exceeded all others, and which had stood firm and unyielding against all the pressures of good intention, helpful advice, and the risk of danger and open scandal, should in the course of time diminish of its own accord. So that now, all that is left of it in my mind is the delectable feeling which Love habitually reserves for those who refrain from venturing too far upon its deepest waters. And thus what was once a source of pain has now become, having shed its discomfort, an abiding sensation of pleasure."

The depression was gone, having been "brainswitched" away, and she could feel happy again.

Tamburlaine, Christopher Marlowe

Tamburlaine, by Christopher Marlowe
Shakespeare Theatre Company
Sidney Harmon Hall

Who was Christopher Marlowe, and why do we care? Christopher Marlowe invented the dramatic form that Shakespeare copied and perfected. Tamburlaine was Marlowe's first play, and with it, he completely changed drama. He introduced the use of blank verse, combining it with sweeping historical drama. Tamburlaine was a huge success, and Shakespeare immediately copied it, as he copied so many ideas in his plays. Marlowe died at the age of 29, after writing only one more significant play, Edward II(which will be performed later), and Shakespeare went on to perfect the new dramatic style.

Like many plays (and stories), Tamburlaine is a play about a man whose great achievements were eventually undone by his character flaws. Because I don't particularly enjoy watching a person's life crumble because of self-destructive character flaws, I did not find the play particularly interesting. So many times in life we see people destroy their lives through self-destructive psychological problems, and it is always sad. Plays about people who succeed because of personality traits are much more inspiring and enjoyable to me.

Sister Pelagia and the White Bulldog, Boris Akunin

Sister Pelagia and the White Bulldog
by Boris Akunin

Boris Akunin reminds me very much of Alexander McCall Smith. Both authors write mysteries of a light and amusing nature based in a far-away place that itself is mysterious for the reader. Akunin also bases his mysteries in a far-away time, Tsarist Russia of the nineteenth century. The books of both authors are pleasant to read; they are not ponderous or heavy, and the reader is permitted to know in advance that the sleuth will solve the case in an unexpected and very clever manner, based primarily on keen observations of facts that the reader is not permitted to know in advance. Both authors provide philosophical lectures along with their mysteries. And now both authors have created female sleuths of a light and amusing nature. If one reason for reading is pleasant escape, then these books succeed in that goal. These authors pleasantly transport their readers to another world filled with fantasy and mystery.

In this book, Akunin introduces his female sleuth, Sister Pelagia, and sends her off to solve the mystery of the death of a white bulldog. As she solves this "crime", the reader is led through the culture of a remote village in nineteenth century Tsarist Russia. One of the techniques Akunin uses to entertain the reader is to employ the Russian custom of using two sets of very complicated Russian names for each person in the book -- either the character's first two names, or the single last name. This technique produces a puzzle for the reader, who must quickly learn these names and remember them when continuing to read after the book has been put aside for a time.

These books are meant to be fun, and they are fun. They are not intended as serious books, but as pleasant little escapes into a fantasy world.

Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't Be Wrong

Sixty Million Frenchmen Can't Be Wrong
by Jean-Benoit Nadeau and Julie Barlow

Related Website:
Better Understand France and the French

My total time spent in France is less than two months, spread over four visits. Each time I have visited, I have loved it. I have found the people to be friendly, even though I do not speak any French. But most of all, I have loved the beauty of France. It seems incredible to me that an entire nation of people could care so much for beauty that they have made an entire nation beautiful -- and they keep it that way. Beauty is important to French people. Beauty is also important to me, and I have wondered all my life why Americans seem to strive for ugliness in their surroundings rather than beauty.

With that attitude in mind, I was attracted to this book when I saw a friend reading it, and I was happy when it was then presented to me as a gift. The book was written by a husband and wife team of Canadian journalists who lived in Paris for two years on a fellowship whose purpose was to study French culture. This book describes the history of French culture and the French system of government. The book was written not by academic historians, but by journalists; it is not an academic book, but is written in a popular style. The book is enjoyable to read.

When reading a "nonfiction" book, one can never tell how accurate the book is; an accurate description differs with each writer, whether journalist or historian. However, I am comfortable that the book is accurate in an overall way, despite possible errors in details, and all I am interested in is an overall description of the history of French culture and government. Reading this book is like taking a bus tour of a city before delving into its neighborhoods on foot. It is an overview, a broad-brush painting.

As the authors discuss, "France is not what it used to be" and it will not be the same in the future. Like all cultures and societies, France is constantly changing. And yet, this book helps to understand the basic culture of France as it is today. I enjoyed this book very much, and I will enjoy reading it again before my next trip to France.

The Taming of the Shrew, Shakespeare Theatre

The Taming of the Shrew, Shakespeare Theatre Company, Lansburgh Theatre

What can be said about our search for happiness? Every person wants to be happy and every person strives to be happy. Sometimes Fate intervenes and leads us to happiness in unexpected ways, and that is the story of Katharina, the "Shrew" in Shakespeare's "The Taming of the Shrew". Fate married her to Petruchio, a man who taught her how to love and accept love, and be happy.

Early in her life, "Kate" had learned that by being difficult, she could get her way with her parents. As she grew into adulthood, she continued to try to get her way by being a difficult person, constantly raising the level of her "shrewishness" until she got her way. However, as a young woman, she was at a point of learning that no man wanted to marry a difficult woman, and she felt that she would never marry. She was torn. She didn't want to give up her learned behavior that she could get her way by being difficult, but she also wanted to be married and being a shrew was not leading to marriage.

Then Fate intervened and sent Petruchio to her to show her how to be happy by being loving and by accepting love from him in return. Of course, she would not have voluntarily married Petruchio, but in Shakespeare's time, fathers had the authority to give their daughters to a man in marriage, so she had no choice. And once married, Petruchio had the authority and the power to force her to obey him or to suffer unpleasant consequences. She was forced to learn from Petruchio that if she was pleasant and loving to him, he would make her happy. If she was unpleasant to him, he would make her miserable. She had to unlearn a lifetime of thought and learn a new thought pattern. She had to unlearn that by being difficult, she could get her way, and learn that by being pleasant, she would be rewarded with happiness.

So the moral of "The Taming of the Shrew" is that a woman can be happy if she is good to her husband. If she is good to him, he will be good to her.

That moral is not universal, of course. Many women are very loving to their husbands, but their husbands are not loving to them in return. Indeed, many husbands abuse their wives no matter how much the wives try to please them. However, few wives can find happiness by being a shrew, so their only hope lies in being pleasant and loving. (The same moral applies to men, of course.)

I am reminded of the first time I learned of Craigslist. I read a lengthy article in the Los Angeles Times about this new phenomenon, Craigslist, that had gained popularity in the San Francisco area. I went to the San Francisco Craigslist website and wandered around on it for some time, clicking on many of the site's links. At one point, I wandered into a chat room where a group of women were chatting about relationships with men. The topic of the conversation was "high maintenance women", and many of the women in the chat room were commenting how men didn't like "high maintenance women". After some time, a woman whose screen name was "jewishprincess" said something very profound. She said that her husband didn't seem to mind that she was "high maintenance" as long as she gave him a blow job every night. The room was silent for some time, and then several of the women mentioned that they had not thought of that.

It seems to me that Kate had not learned that simple lesson. If a woman is good to a man, he will usually be good to her. Many men are happy to spoil their wives or lovers, if only their wives or lovers take good care of them. Many men are very happy to work and support a woman if she will take care of them sexually. "The Taming of the Shrew" is a wonderful play that teaches a moral about relationships in a very happy way.

My thoughts on the production at the Shakespeare Theater. I thought the man who played Petruchio was very well cast. He was very believable and he helped the audience lose themselves in the play. However, I think the woman who was cast as Katharina was not well cast. She did not help the audience lose themselves in her character. She played the initial part of the shrew pretty well, but she was not at all believable in her transformation to a loving wife.

Once again, I am struck by the history of a Shakespeare play. Shakespeare was a master producer of plays. Time and again, he took plays that already existed and rewrote them for his own productions, as he did in this play. A play by the name, "The Taming of a Shrew" already existed, and Shakespeare rewrote it into his version, which is a wonderful, lasting play that audiences still enjoy four hundred years after he wrote it.

Shakespeare Theatre - 2007/2008 Season

The Taming of the Shrew - October 2007
Tamburlaine - December 2007
Edward II - January 2008
Argonautica - Februray 2008
Major Barbara - March 2008
Antony and Cleopatra - May 2008
Julius Caesar - June 2008
The Imaginary Invalid - July 2008

Bombay Time, Thrity Umrigar

Bombay Time by Thrity Umrigar

Jimmy Kanga was throwing a party. His only son (and only child) was getting married, and Jimmy wanted to celebrate. It was a large party including many friends, colleagues from his law office, and most important of all, his neighbors at Wadia Baug, the venerable 120 year old apartment building where Jimmy had lived most of his life. In India's sea of Hindus and Muslims, Wadia Baug was a tiny island of Parsis. Like Jimmy, most of these Parsi friends had lived at Wadia Baug most of their lives, and they were like an extended family. They helped each other raise their children; they celebrated joyful occasions; they cared for each other when they were sick; they comforted each other at the death of a family member or loved one. Jimmy had asked them to stay after the party for a small, intimate celebration. He had a surprise for them.

Taking each of the special Wadia Baug guests in turn, Thrity Umrigar painted an intimate portrait of their lives. Now they were older, with gray hair, but she painted a far richer portrait of each of them, a portrait filled with the bright colors of the joys of their youth as well as the sad colors of their losses. There were the young boys, smiling, happy, filled with confidence of a successful and happy future. There were the girls, pretty, alluring, playful, also filled with confidence for the future. Along life's road, losses and pain intervened for each one, robbing them of their confidence and then their joy, leaving them older and sadder. The richness of the portraits of these close friends fills this wonderful book and gives it a richness in turn. After the party, Jimmy's surprise for each of his friends helped them to remember the joys of their lives. It helped them to let go of the pain that had accumulated through the years. It reinforced their love for each other. It gave them comfort and peace.

This is a wonderful book. In giving comfort and peace to these friends, it gives comfort and peace to its readers.

Suite Francaise, Irene Nemirovsky

Suite Francaise by Irene Nemirovsky

I had been reluctant to read this book, but once I started reading it, I found it fascinating and moving. I had thought it was a book about the Holocaust, but of course, it is not. Instead, it is a very interesting book about the reactions of French people during and immediately after the German invasion of France during World War II.

When I began reading the book, I found the writing style very interesting. The book seemed to be written as an outline, with short declarative sentences, as if the intent of the author was to write a rough first draft and then fill in the details later, in a second draft. Later, I learned that the book was indeed a "first draft" written in long hand. I am certain that a second draft would have been written, and possibly more drafts as well as the editing by the publisher prior to publication; however, as I learned later, that opportunity did not come. To me, the succinct writing style added much to the appeal of the book.

As I read the book, I felt that the author concentrated on writing about wealthy people, but later, when I read the author's notes in the Appendices, I came to realize that she had drawn on people in her own life for all the characters in the book. Her father and husband were bankers, so several of her characters were bankers; she had lived her entire life in high society, so she wrote about characters in high society. The book made much more sense to me after reading the Appendices.

The writing styles of women and men are very different. As a woman, she wrote in a very descriptive style, and I found her careful, detailed descriptions to add greatly to the book. In particular, her descriptions of people fleeing Paris were very interesting. I also found her descriptions of the feelings of the women characters to be unexpected and very moving; only a woman could have written about those feelings. All in all, the book was a woman's book, even though I found it very interesting. Indeed, I didn't want the book to end. I wanted it to be completed, especially after reading her outline for the remaining parts of the book.

One cannot read the book, of course, without also having feelings about her death. The world is filled with death and atrocities; it goes on today as it has since the world began. Some of my own ancestors were slaughtered by immigrants to America, and reading about them is painful to me. America also suffered the stain of mistreating our own citizens of Japanese ancestry during World War II. We feel the pain of atrocities in all parts of the world, to all people, and any reminder of such atrocities is painful for me. I was deeply moved by the Appendices, particularly the letters. One can understand that Jews had no idea that their being arrested would lead to death; the whole world found out only later. So it is understandable that she and her husband would be fearful, but also would not flee. Equally moving was the heroism of the woman who hid and protected the daughters; what a wonderful woman she was.

In summary, this was a very interesting book, and the Appendices were very moving. Two separate stories connected by the author.

Grandeur of the Seas Tour, July 22, 2007

Two free daily newspapers are handed to passengers each morning as they enter the Metro system, the "Express" published by the Washington Post, and the "Examiner", published independently. Usually, I scan both of them as I commute to work, a trip of about 45 minutes. On June 23 as I read the "Examiner", I noticed an advertisement announcing the start of a little contest. Each day for 10 days, a question would be printed in the "Examiner" related to the Royal Caribbean Cruise Lines ship, the Grandeur of the Seas, or about the Port of Baltimore. At the end of the contest, 10 winners would be selected by a drawing, and winners would receive a tour of the ship and lunch aboard the ship on July 22, as the ship was docked in Baltimore. I decided to enter the contest for fun.

I looked up the answer to the first question, and made a note of it, and each day, I continued to look up the answer to that day's question and note it. As I went along, I began to realize that very few people would enter this contest, both because it was spaced out over more than 10 days (no paper on Sundays) and because finding the answers online was not always easy. Making the contest more difficult was the fact that it ran over the July 4th holiday. I began to think that my chances of winning might be good. At the end of the contest, I emailed my answers to the questions to the Examiner, and the following week, I was notified that I had won and would be one of not 10 but 25 people to take the tour. During the tour, I learned that 286 correct responses had been received, although probably not more than 50 people had actually participated, and they had given the answers to friends.

So, on Sunday, July 22, I drove over to Baltimore to the Port and took the tour of the ship. I learned that access to the Port of Baltimore is extremely easy; the Port is located directly beside Interstate 95 in Baltimore, at Exit 55. Parking is also extremely easy; it right beside the ship. When I arrived at the port, I noticed that this ship seemed smaller than other ships I have cruised in the past, and that turned out to be true. At lunch, I sat beside the manager of the Port of Baltimore, and one thing I learned from him was that the larger ships are not able to use the Port of Baltimore because they are too tall to pass beneath the Chesapeake Bay Bridge, which is only 192 feet above the water surface. Most cruise ships are taller than that. So this ship was smaller than other cruise ships, and that is the reason that it was able to use the Port of Baltimore.

I posted a few photos of my tour on my Flickr site.

Here are the contest questions and answers:
June 23 – What are the four different itineraries (not ports) that Royal Caribbean sails from the Port of Baltimore in 2007?
Answer:
(1) 5 Night Bermuda Cruise
(2) 9 Night New England/Canada Cruise
(3) 9 Night Eastern Caribbean Cruise
(4) 13 Night Baltimore to Tampa Cruise

June 24 – No newspaper.

June 25 – What is the charge per day for passenger cars to park at the Port of Baltimore cruise terminal? Answer: $10 per day.

June 26 – What is the Grandeur of the Seas passenger capacity? Answer: 2,446 passengers.

June 27 – How many nights is the Royal Caribbean cruise from Baltimore to Bermuda? Answer: 5 nights.

June 28 – When is the last cruise out of the Port of Baltimore with Royal Caribbean for the 2007 season? Answer: November 25 – Grandeur of the Seas to Bermuda.

June 29 – What time does the Port of Baltimore open for departing cruise passengers? Answer: The cruise terminal entrance opens at 10:00AM for departing passengers; however, do not arrive prior to the embarkation time on your ticket.

June 30 – Are most meals (except for specialty restaurants) covered in the prices? Answer from the RCCL Cruise FAQs: The price of your vacation includes: Most meals onboard. The cruise price does not include meals ashore (except as noted) and certain beverages and specialty restaurants onboard certain vessels.

July 1 –No newspaper.

July 2 – How far is the Port of Baltimore's cruise terminal from BWI Thurgood Marshall Airport: Answer: BWI is located 10 miles south of Baltimore City, and it is just 9.6 miles from Maryland’s cruise terminal at South Locust Point.

July 3 – How long and wide (beam) is the Grandeur of the Seas? Answer: Length – 916 feet; Beam – 106 feet.

July 4 – What is the website address for the Baltimore Area Convention and Visitors Association? Answer: www.baltimore.org

Three Cups of Tea, Greg Mortenson and David Oliver Relin

Three Cups of Tea by Greg Mortenson and David Oliver Relin

So much has been written about this book and the work of Greg Mortenson that I am reluctant to write more here. The reviews of the book on Amazon cover everything that needs to be said. For me, this is one of the most inspiring books I have read in a long time. I believe that every American should read this book. We can do so much better in our foreign policy than we have been doing, and this book shows the way that many Americans would prefer to follow. A path of peace and friendship. I hope that someday Greg Mortenson will be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Some reviewers seem not to have cared for the writing style of Relin, but to me, it was outstanding. Indeed, the writing is what initially drew me into the book and made it so hard to put down. I really liked the writing style of Relin.

One interesting tidbit: it is interesting to me how frequently great achievers are eccentric. Greg Mortenson is an eccentric loner, as so many other great achievers have been. Yet, his eccentricities are fundamental to his success. The hope is that his work will be self-sustaining after he is no longer able to continue to do all that he has done, just as one hoped that the work of other great people would continue after their times. Thank God for Greg Mortenson.

Key Web Sites:

Three Cups of Tea

Central Asia Institute

YouTube "CAI schools"

Greg Mortenson

Hamlet, William Shakespeare

Hamlet by William Shakespeare at the Shakespeare Theater

Hamlet is not one of my favorite Shakespeare plays. I don't care for all the "drama"; it is too much, really. More than drama, it is "melodrama".

Background of the play from the program:

The character of Hamlet first appears as “Amleth,” in the writings of the 12th-century Danish historian Saxo. Amleth’s uncle murders the prince’s father and marries his mother, and Amleth pretends to be insane in order to get his revenge. The narrative ends with Amleth killing his uncle and taking the throne. The story reached England through the 16th-century French author François de Belleforest, who enlarged the role of Amleth’s mother and gave him a young female love interest. Sometime in the 1580s, an English writer seems to have adapted Belleforest’s tale into a stage play called Hamlet.

Apparently using this earlier Hamlet as inspiration, Shakespeare created his own version in 1600 for the newly opened Globe Theatre. He wrote the play at the midpoint of his long career, turning from poetic comedies and histories to revolutionary tragedies and romances. But exactly what play that first audience heard remains a mystery, because the published texts of Hamlet vary widely. In 1603, an inexpensive quarto edition was issued to capitalize on the play’s popularity. It was likely a pirated text, either copied hastily by a spectator or reconstructed badly from memory by an actor in a minor role. A second quarto came out the next year in response, billing itself as “newly imprinted and enlarged to almost as much again as it was, according to the true and perfect copy.” The 1623 folio of Shakespeare’s complete works contained a version of Hamlet very similar to the second quarto, cutting about 200 lines (although it would still run more than four hours uncut).

My thoughts:

My first thought is that as he did in other plays, Shakespeare developed this play based on an earlier work by someone else. It is remarkable to me that he "rewrote" a play by the same name that had been written and performed only 20 years previously. Copyright laws would pevent that from happening today.

Shakespeare was a technical genius who had a great ability to write and produce successful plays. He took ideas from others and reworked them technically to produce successful plays. In his time, audiences seem to have been attracted to great violence, and as he did in other plays, Shakespeare killed off all the main characters in Hamlet in a very melodramatic fashion, the guilty and the innocent alike. But before they died, they first went through great melodramatic wailings.

This play was about revenge, and to be successful, Shakespeare developed a character so bent on revenge that he was willing to die in order to gain his revenge. In addition, he was willing to kill innocent people in order to gain his revenge. Thus, the play reminds us of political suicide killers of today, as well as the armies who seek to kill them and kill thousands of innocent people in the process. The only moral is that they are all equally insane, and their insanity hurts everyone.

A Thousand Splendid Suns, Khaled Hosseini

A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini

Violence against women is widespread throughout the world. Statistics are difficult to obtain, but even with limited statistics, one-fourth to one-third of the women of the world report being abused by husbands or partners, and police believe that only one-third of instances of domestic violence are reported. Violence against women occurs in all societies, including the United States and Europe.

In some societies, women and girls are dominated by males and treated as property, as slaves, whose principal purpose in life is to serve their husbands. They are given in marriage and expected to serve and obey their husbands, and if they fail in this duty, they are subjected to violence. If they try to escape, they are subjected to violence. They have virtually no individual freedoms in life.

This book is about two women who become slaves to a husband. One of the women grows up as an illegitimate girl who is not accepted by her father; the other grows up as the favored daughter of a university professor. Both become the wife to a man who has been taught and believes in the customs of his society -- that women are slaves to their husband. Although they are of different ages and different backgrounds, they are treated the same by their husband. They become his wives at different times, twenty years apart, and at first, the older one resents the younger one. However, their treatment by their husband leads them eventually to become friends and allies in their attempt to escape their slavery.

This book is about domestic violence and customs in Afghanistan; however, it could have been written about domestic violence in many societies. Although women are not treated as slaves in all societies, women are subjected to violence by their husbands in all societies. The author was born in Afghanistan and lived there for eleven years. He went back to visit in 2003, and after meeting and talking with many women, decided to write this book about customs regarding women in Afghanistan. I do not know how accurately it depicts life for women in Afghanistan. It is a book of fiction, and not a sociological study.

This book is not a great book, but it is a book that captures one's attention and emotions. It is an interesting story, and it is believable. In order for me to like a book, I must find it believable. I like this book much better than Kite Runner because as I have mentioned previously, I found much of Kite Runner to be unbelievable melodrama. This book is sad. It is not a happy book. The lives of these women were sad, unhappy lives. But I found it interesting to read about the lives of women in that society. All in all, I liked this book.